As we lean into the heat of summer with the dread that it brings in places prone to fires and health risks to the vulnerable, it’s also that time of year when we recognise and celebrate the special people in our communities showing what it truly means to be Australian and a leader in a chosen field.
All the nominees for Australian of the Year showed leadership in their particular field.
Astronaut and space engineer Katherine Benell-Pegg has been named Australian of the Year on Sunday.
Also honoured were: a pioneer in dementia treatment, Professor Henry Brodaty, an endurance runner raising money and awareness of homelessness and a First Nation construction leader.
Indeed the question of leadership has recently been dominating politics not only locally but also internationally.
And it raises the question whether leadership is innate or learnt: nature versus nurture?
Visiting me for a few weeks has been a grand – daughter with her two adorable fraternal twin girls, aged two and a half. Watching them at play, you could quickly see that at this stage one was definitely ‘in charge’.
Interestingly, at birth she had been the smaller of the two.
This of course may change as they grow older but whether leadership is innate or learned is still debated.
A lot of people argue that there’s a crisis in leadership today. Some of the concerns include political polarization, declining trust in institutions, and the rise of populism, which sometimes leads to more divisive or short-term focused leadership.
This has become a prominent political talking point following Bondi. I have already written about how unedifying it was to see the political point scoring and maneuvering at a time when so many were hurting and how it seemed there was no one picking up the mantle of leadership.
Which raises the question of how do we define leadership and how do we evaluate it?
One definition would be that leadership is essentially the ability to guide, influence, or inspire others toward achieving a common goal.
In this case it was the immediate response to ensure security and safety of the whole community and at the same time provide support to a traumatized group.
Overall, the definition and understanding of leadership have evolved over time and often depends on the cultural and historical context.
Ultimately, with the right combination of education, experience, and support, people can definitely grow into effective leaders So it’s a mixed bag, but definitely a topic of ongoing discussion and concern.
Today more and more collaborative and visionary leadership is needed, which many feel is lacking. And in a liberal democracy a government is only as good as its opposition.
Philosophers have looked at leadership from many angles. Plato emphasized the idea of philosopher-kings, leaders who are wise and virtuous. Aristotle viewed leadership as a form of moral virtue and practical wisdom.
More modern thinkers have examined leadership in terms of authority types, such as charismatic, traditional, and legal-rational authority.
Leadership in literature and poetry is often depicted in a rich and nuanced way. In many classic works, leaders are portrayed as heroic figures, often facing moral dilemmas or embodying virtues like courage, wisdom, and sacrifice. Epic tales like Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey explore leadership through characters like Achilles and Odysseus, who demonstrate both strengths and flaws.
Poets like W.B. Yeats often reflect on power, complexities and failures of leadership in their works.
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity.
William Butler Yeats — The Second Coming
A warning poem: when good people hesitate, destructive leaders rush in
Or Rudyard Kipling who frames leadership as calm under pressure showing integrity, and endurance. The leader
here isn’t loud—just unshakeable:
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs…”
But what if as Shakespeare wrote in Twelfth Night: Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.
One such leader was our wartime Prime Minister, John Curtin who came to power after the collapse of the then United Australia Party.
A deeply ethical man and always honest with the people, he led Australia through the war with courage and integrity. A trusted leader who battled his own demon of heavy drinking and died exhausted before the end of the war.
Add to that Churchill, Roosevelt and Nelson Mandela all who were able to show outstanding leadership when called upon.
If we look at some contemporary leaders, we can see a mix of natural traits and developed skills.
For example, leaders like Jacinda Ardern, the former Prime Minister of New Zealand is often noted for her empathy, communication skills, and emotional intelligence—qualities that are both innate and honed over time.
Her finest hour was extraordinary leadership following the Christchurch massacre.
Hope and history rhyme.
Seamus Heaney — From The Cure at Troy
That said today such a figure is yet to emerge. Because of the interconnected nature of today’s world it means that leadership often comes from multiple sources—international organisations, coalitions, and grassroots movements.
While a single world leader might seem like a solution, it’s often more about collective leadership and cooperation across nations and communities. Still, the idea of a unifying global leader is definitely a powerful and compelling vision.
Political leadership does have some distinct characteristics compared to other forms of leadership, like business or community leadership.. They often have to balance competing interests, manage public opinion, and maintain accountability to constituents and stakeholders.
Today’s leaders face what has been called a values transition period and it seems that politics hasn’t caught up.
Tensions exist about national identity, economic inequality, climate and cultural pluralism.
Leadership usually emerges when someone is unafraid to articulate what they stand for and offer solutions and own the consequences.
As Ralph Waldo Emerson put it: Do not follow where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.
Until that tension resolves, Australia is likely to keep producing leaders who feel underwhelming. Nor is this a uniquely Australian problem, but a global leadership malaise. But because of our strong institutions like courts and electoral system, it is easier for leaders to coast along. Politics becomes transactional rather than representative and independents flourish Australia remains a stable parliamentary democracy with functioning institutions.
What’s striking is not breakdown of the system, but widespread frustration that political leadership isn’t meeting public expectations.
Contemporary poets also offer fascinating perspectives by exploring leadership through lenses of social justice, activism, and personal integrity.
In essence, poetry often brings a more personal and socially aware dimension to the concept of leadership, inviting readers to reflect on both the power and the responsibility of leaders in today’s world.
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
Like wither’d leaves to quicken a new birth!
Shelley saw leadership as the ability to spread ideas that spark renewal. But in another poem he warns about arrogance, empire and how power collapses into dust
Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair
Percy Bysshe Shelley — Ozymandias
Ultimately, if we want better leaders we should engage more in the political process or suffer the consequences and leave ourselves open to authoritarian leaders, as Bertolt Brecht warned in his savage satire,
The Solution, blaming apathetic citizens for their own oppression:
Would it not be easier
For the government
To dissolve the people
And elect another?
